Transmission
The Pale of Settlement
On 23 December 1791 the Empress Catherine the Great signed a decree that fixed the residence of the Jews of the Russian Empire inside a line drawn across the western territories of…
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pale of settlement
Transmission
Jews from Kiev and Western Culture
Rising upon the steep, forested bluffs that dominate the right bank of the Dnieper River, Kiev has stood for well over a millennium as the geopolitical hinge of Eastern Europe. It was…