Essays on the Masoretes and the Hebrew and Greek Bibles
The Hebrew Bible that Jews read in synagogue and that scholars consult as the received text of the Old Testament has been transmitted through more than a thousand years in a form…
In the period since 2018, the Museum of the Bible in Washington, D.C. has been at the centre of one of the most consequential episodes of manuscript forgery in the modern history…
Two analytical techniques — Raman spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence, known by their respective acronyms RS and XRF — have, over the past two decades, become principal instruments in the scientific study of…
The New Testament Virtual Manuscript Room, known in the field by the acronym NTVMR and accessible at the URL ntvmr.mnd.mn, is the principal online workspace of international New Testament textual criticism. It…
For roughly a quarter-century between the early 1990s and the late 2010s, three consumer desktop software packages — Logos Bible Software, Accordance Bible Software, and BibleWorks — defined the English-language market for…
In 2016 the historian of American religion Lincoln Mullen, then at George Mason University and now at Brandeis, published with Stanford University Press both a scholarly book and an interactive website that…
Network analysis, the application of the formal mathematical theory of graph theory and the computational methodology of social network analysis (SNA) to the communities, the relationships, and the textual evidence of Second…
In the years since 2020, the Gospel of Mark has become, in computational textual criticism, the principal proving ground of the comparative application of clustering and phylogenetic methods to the New Testament…
Almost every scholarly Hebrew Bible on a library shelf today prints the text of a single medieval manuscript and puts the evidence of every other witness underneath it. The Hebrew Bible: A…
Stylometry is the statistical analysis of authorial writing patterns through quantitative measurement of vocabulary choices, sentence rhythm, function-word preferences, and other quantitative stylistic features too subtle for the unaided reader to detect…
The Editio Critica Maior, more commonly known by the abbreviation ECM, is the major critical edition of the Greek New Testament that has been in active development at the Institut fur neutestamentliche…
The LED-based multispectral imaging protocol for the long-term monitoring of parchment conservation was developed in the period between 2008 and 2016 principally by the analytical chemists Emilio Marengo and Marcello Manfredi, working…
InscriptiFact, the cross-institution digital library of high-resolution manuscript and inscription images curated by the West Semitic Research Project under the principal direction of the epigrapher and archaeologist Bruce Zuckerman and the consulting…
The Center for the Study of New Testament Manuscripts (CSNTM) is one of the most consequential single institutions of twentieth- and twenty-first-century New Testament textual criticism. CSNTM was founded in 2002 by…
Virtual unrolling, the technological procedure of using a high-resolution micro-computed tomography, more commonly known as micro-CT, scan of a sealed or partially destroyed ancient scroll to produce, through the algorithmic reconstruction of…
Multispectral imaging, the technological procedure of capturing multiple images of the same object at narrowly separated wavelengths of light from the visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and combining the…
Among the manuscript discoveries of the twentieth century, the small archive of papyri known as the Bar Kokhba Letters occupies a place of quite singular importance for the modern study of Jewish…
Of the great pandects copied by the early medieval monasteries of Latin Christendom, only one is, in a real sense, still alive on a public library shelf. It is the codex now…
Among the manuscript discoveries of the twentieth century, the small cache of papyri known collectively as the Bodmer Papyri occupies a place of unique importance for the modern study of the New…
The Lindisfarne Gospels are an illuminated manuscript of the four Gospels of the Greek Scriptures in Latin, made at the monastery of Lindisfarne, off the coast of Northumberland, in the early eighth…
The Siloam inscription is a short Hebrew text carved into the wall of a water tunnel beneath the City of David in Jerusalem. It records the final moment in the cutting of…
The Mesha Stele, also known as the Moabite Stone, is a basalt monument erected around 840 BCE by Mesha, king of Moab, to commemorate his reign and his victories over the kingdom…
The Latin Vulgate is, in the modern inventory of biblical texts, the principal vernacular Bible of the western Christian tradition. The Vulgate was produced in the late 4th century by the Dalmatian-born…
Papyrus 46 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering system, P46) is the oldest substantial witness to the corpus of Pauline epistles in the Greek New Testament, and it is one of the most consequential…
