Karaites

Transmission

Judeo-Persian Biblical Manuscripts

From eighth-century inscriptions in Afghanistan to the Pentateuch copied by Joseph ben Moses in 1319 and the verse epics of Šāhin, Persian written in Hebrew letters carried a thousand-year tradition of Bible translation among the Jews of Iran and Central Asia.

Masoretes

Mishael ben Uzziel and the Book of Differences

Written in Arabic by a Karaite scholar in Jerusalem around the turn of the tenth and eleventh centuries, the Book of Differences is the only reliable record of how the Masoretes Ben Asher and Ben Naftali disagreed, and the standard by which the great Tiberian codices are still classified.