LEARNING COURSE

Meet the Hebrew Alphabet

Twenty-two consonants, five final forms, and a right-to-left reading direction—your first map of the square script.

Hebrew letters and manuscripts for alphabet study
The square alphabet is the stage; vowels and trop are the actors that arrive later.
22 letters
Consonants only in the classic alphabet
Right → left
Hebrew reads opposite English
Final forms
5 letters change shape at word end
Square script
The “Assyrian” style used in codices

I. A living alphabet

Hebrew’s square script is the visual language of the Masoretic codices and of modern printed Bibles. Each letter is a consonant. Vowels—when written—ride under, inside, or above the letters as niqqud. That is why learning letter shapes first is such a gift: the vowels have somewhere to sit.

Five letters have special final forms used at the end of a word: Kaf ך, Mem ם, Nun ן, Pe ף, Tsadi ץ. Think of them as “end costumes.”

II. Click a letter (hear it in your head)

Tap any tile. The detail panel below will show the name and a simple sound hint. Say the name out loud—muscle memory loves voices.

Select a letter above to inspect it.

III. Final forms cheat sheet

RegularFinalNameMemory hook
כךKafFinal kaf stretches down like a long foot.
מםMemFinal mem closes into a square box.
נןNunFinal nun is a single long stroke.
פףPeFinal pe drops a tail below the line.
צץTsadiFinal tsadi also grows a descending tail.

IV. Video: letter shapes in motion

V. Try this

Alphabet safari (5 min): On a printed page or a screenshot of a Hebrew Bible (try Genesis 1:1 on Sefaria), hunt for three alephs א, three bets ב, and one final mem ם. Circle them lightly.

Kid corner

Make letter flashcards: one side big Hebrew, other side the English name. Play memory match with a sibling or parent.